Abstract:As the railway is stepping into the market gradually, the operation of passenger trains must con- sider economic benefit as well as social benefit. As far as railway passenger transportation is concerned, based on the analysis of passenger transportation income and payout, the article discusseswhat utilized rate of passenger trains should match with the Principle of Economic Benefit. Meanwhile, the paper advances that calculating the economic benefit of passenger must distinguish the unit cost of different kinds of trains with a real expample analyzed and computed.