仿粒突箱鲀的起重机箱梁风荷载减载设计方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190085

王玉璞^1,2,,
程文明^1,2,
杜润^1,2,,,
王书标^1,2,
邓勇^1,2

基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（51675450）

详细信息

作者简介:
王玉璞（1989—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为起重机结构风工程，E-mail：yupuwang@my.swjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
杜润（1980—），男，讲师，博士，研究方向为微流动及其控制，E-mail：rdu@swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号:TH213.5
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- 文章访问数:680
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- 被引次数:0
出版历程
- 收稿日期:2019-03-05
- 修回日期:2019-10-08
- 网络出版日期:2020-03-04
- 刊出日期:2020-06-01

Bionic Design Method for Crane Box Girder Wind Load Reduction Based on Ostracion-Cubicus

WANG Yupu^1,2,,
CHENG Wenming^1,2,
DU Run^1,2,,,
WANG Shubiao^1,2,
DENG Yong^1,2

摘要

摘要:风荷载是起重机大车运行时的重要载荷，主梁作为起重机的主要挡风构件，针对主梁的减载设计可以有效地降低起重机运行能耗，本文以粒突箱鲀的结构为启发，探究起重机箱梁风荷载的仿生减载设计方法. 首先运用灰度转换、二值图像转换及边缘检测方法提取箱鲀鱼嘴特征廓线，获得以箱梁特征高度为设计变量的仿生设计模型，然后通过箱梁迎风面附着轻质材料的方式实现传统起重机箱梁的仿生设计，并运用计算流体力学软件（FLUENT）对仿生设计进行评估. 研究结果表明：以某40 t集装箱起重机箱梁为例，采用聚苯乙烯泡沫作为轻质贴附材料的仿生箱梁较传统箱梁结构风阻减小65.77%，而仿生贴附结构仅使箱梁增重2.28%；仿生箱梁的流线外型减轻了由迎风面处边界层分离带来的流场扰动，降低了结构的气动力脉动值，提高了起重机在风场中运行的平稳性.
- 仿生学/
- 粒突箱鲀/
- 起重机/
- 风荷载/
- 减载设计
Abstract:The wind load is an important load during the gantry crane operation, and the crane box girder is the major windshield component . Therefore the wind load reduction design for the crane box girder can decrease the crane energy consumption effectively. The bionic design method for the crane box girder wind load reduction based on the geometry of ostracion-cubicus was explored. Firstly, the ostracion-cubicus mouth feature profile was extracted through gray level conversion, binary image conversion and edge detection method. On this basis, a bionic model was built with the box girder height as the design variable. Secondly, the bionic design of the traditional crane box girder was realized by attaching the light material to the windward side of the box girder. Finally, aerodynamic characteristics of the bionic box girder was evaluated with FLUENT. A 40 t container crane was taken as an evaluation case, and comparison was made between the original and the bionic ones, expanded polystyrene (EPS) was selected as the attachment material. The research shows that the wind load decreases by 65.77% with the bionic girder , while the weigh is only 2.28% more than the original one. The flow field disturbance from the boundary layer separation reduces due to the streamlined structure of the bionic girder, which decreases the lift pulsation, improves the running stability of the crane in the wind field.
- bionics/
- ostracion-cubicus/
- gantry crane/
- wind stress/
- load reduction design

HTML全文

图 1Canny算法流程

Figure 1.Flow chart of Canny algorithm

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2粒突箱鲀廓线提取

Figure 2.Contour extraction of ostracion-cubicus

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3起重机箱梁结构

Figure 3.Structure of crane box girder

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4起重机箱梁仿生结构设计

Figure 4.Bionic structure design of crane box girder

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5仿生贴附结构廓线提取

Figure 5.Contour extraction of bionic attachment structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6数值模型设置

Figure 6.Numerical model setting

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图 7结构的整体气动力系数

Figure 7.Integral aerodynamic coefficient of structures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8起重机箱梁流线图

Figure 8.Pathlines of crane box girder

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9结构背风面压力系数

Figure 9.Pressure coefficients of girder leeward side

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10涡量图

Figure 10.Vorticity diagram

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1网格无关性验证

Table 1.Grids independence verification

对象	网格精度名称	网格数量/个	平均阻力系数	升力系数均方根	背压系数
EXP.Norberg			2.79～2.82		2.023
LES.Sohankar			2.65	1.192	1.993
传统箱梁	G1	28 632	2.682	1.430	2.169
	G2	47 128	2.699	1.458	2.167
	G3	65 424	2.742	1.455	2.215
仿生箱梁	G1	28 040	1.210	0.535	1.146
	G2	48 124	0.935	0.366	0.871
	G3	72 144	0.966	0.353	0.913

下载: 导出CSV

表 2箱梁风载荷

Table 2.Wind loads of crane box girder

对象	迎风面积/m²	重量/kg	风荷载/kN	阻力系数均方根	升力系数均方根	扭矩系数均方根
传统箱梁	80	27 361.00	13.24	2.694	1.458	1.399
仿生箱梁	80	27 998.44	4.53	0.936	0.366	0.214
减载比/%		2.28	−65.77	−65.26	−74.90	−84.70

下载: 导出CSV

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