地震与滑坡碎屑流引发堰塞湖涌浪动水压力研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190323

赵海鑫^1,,
姚令侃^1,2,3,,,
黄艺丹^1,4,
苏玥¹

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41571004），四川省重点研发项目（2019YFG0001）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵海鑫（1991—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为铁路公路工程灾害防治及安全技术，E-mail：zhaohaixin@my.swjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
姚令侃（1953—），男，教授，研究方向为复杂艰险山区铁路公路选线及山地灾害综合防治技术. E-mail：yaolk@swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号:TV69
计量
- 文章访问数:644
- HTML全文浏览量:348
- PDF下载量:16
- 被引次数:0
出版历程
- 收稿日期:2019-04-10
- 修回日期:2019-12-10
- 网络出版日期:2020-12-16
- 刊出日期:2021-06-15

Hydrodynamic Pressures Study of Barrier Lake under Coaction of Earthquake and Clastic Flow Landslide

ZHAO Haixin^1,,
YAO Lingkan^1,2,3,,,
HUANG Yidan^1,4,
SU Yue¹

摘要

摘要:为了研究堰塞湖水体在地震以及同震滑坡碎屑流共同作用下产生的涌浪动水压力，设计了振动台造波模型试验，开展了地震作用下堰塞湖涌浪动水压力试验，获取单独地震作用下动水压力数据并同已有地震动水压力计算公式进行比较；开展了滑坡碎屑流作用下的堰塞湖涌浪动水压力试验，获取单独滑坡碎屑流作用下动水压力数据，进而建立了计算滑坡碎屑流作用下的堰塞湖涌浪动水压力的统计公式；开展了地震和滑坡碎屑流综合作用下的堰塞湖涌浪动水压力试验，最终建立了复合动水压力的计算公式. 研究结果表明：地震涌浪动水压力与水深和地震峰值加速度的关系可用Westergaard公式描述；滑坡碎屑流涌浪动水压力与初始水深负相关，与碎屑流入水速度和碎屑流体积正相关；复合动水压力小于单独地震动水压力和单独滑坡碎屑流动水压力二者之和，约为二者和的51%～95%.
- 地震/
- 滑坡碎屑流/
- 堰塞湖/
- 复合动水压力
Abstract:A shaking table model experiment was designed to study the hydrodynamic pressures of the barrier lake under the action of an earthquake and a clastic flow landslide. Firstly, an experiment was carried to study the hydrodynamic pressure of the barrier lake under the action of an earthquake to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure data, which was compared with the existing calculation formula of seismic hydrodynamic pressure. Then, an experiment was carried to study the hydrodynamic pressure caused by the surge of the barrier lake under the action of a clastic flow landslide to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure data and a statistical formula was established. Finally, an experiment was carried to study the combined hydrodynamic pressure under the effect of an earthquake and a co-seismic clastic flow landslide and a formula for calculating the combined hydrodynamic pressure caused by an earthquake and a clastic flow landslide was established. The results show that the relationship between the hydrodynamic pressure caused by an earthquake and water depth and seismic peak acceleration can be described by Westergaard’ formula. The hydrodynamic pressure caused by a clastic flow landslide is negatively related to the initial water depth, positively related to the inflow velocity and volume of landslide. The combined hydrodynamic pressure is less than the sum of the single hydrodynamic pressure under the action of an earthquake and the single hydrodynamic pressure under the action of a clastic flow landslide, which is about 51% − 95% of the sum of two.
- earthquake/
- clastic flow landslide/
- barrier lake/
- combined hydrodynamic pressures

HTML全文

图 1试验装置

Figure 1.Experimental apparatus

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2不同初始水深下复合涌浪动水压力的比较

Figure 2.Comparison of composite hydrodynamic pressures at different initial water depths

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3P_fh、P_d和P_h之间的关系

Figure 3.Relationship amongP_fh，P_dandP_h

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4使用式（7）计算值和测量值之间的比较

Figure 4.Comparison between measured value and calculated value used by eq. (7)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5涌浪动水压力

Figure 5.Surge hydrodynamic pressure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1123组试验组合

Table 1.Experimental conditions for 123 laboratory tests

组号	编号	地震波地震动加速度峰值（PGA）/（×g）	碎屑质量s/kg	初始水深/m	入水速度/（m•s⁻¹）
A	1～15	0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5		0.1，0.2，0.3
B	16～33		10，20，30	0.1，0.2，0.3	1.64，3.28
C	34～123	0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5	10，20，30	0.1，0.2，0.3	1.64，3.28

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献 (17)

殷跃平. 汶川八级地震滑坡高速远程特征分析[J]. 工程地质学报,2009,17(2): 153-166.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9665.2009.02.002

YIN Yueping. Rapid and long run-out features of landslides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2009, 17(2): 153-166.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9665.2009.02.002

CUI P, ZHU X. Surge generation in reservoirs by landslides triggered by the wenchuan earthquake[J]. Journal of Earthquake & Tsunami, 2011, 5(5): 461-474.

FRITZ H M. Lituya bay case rockslide impact and wave run-up[J]. Science of Tsunami Hazards, 2001, 19(1): 3-19.

HOLMEN J O. Fatigue of concrete by constant and variable amplitude loading[J]. Fatigue Concrete Structure, 1982, 75: 71-110.

CORNELISSEN H, REINHARDT H. Uniaxial tensile fatigue failure of concrete underconstant-amplitude and programme loading[J]. Magazine Concrete Research, 1984, 36(129): 216-226.

SALEH S, MADABHUSHI S P G. Response of concrete dams on rigid and soil foundations under earthquake loading[J]. Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami, 2011, 4(3): 251-268.

刘宁, 程尊兰, 崔鹏, 等. 堰塞湖及其风险控制[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2013: 16-21.

KONG P, NA C, FINK D, et al. Moraine dam related to late quaternary glaciation in the Yulong mountains,southwest China,and impacts on the Jinsha river[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2009, 28(27): 3224-3235.

WESTERGAARD H M. Water pressures on dams during earthquakes[J]. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1933, 98(3): 418-433.

CHWANG A T, HOUSNER G W. Hydrodynamic pressures on sloping dams during earthquakes, part 1:momentum method[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1978, 87(2): 335-341.

CHWANG A T. Hydrodynamic pressures on sloping dams during earthquakes, part 2:exact theory[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1978, 87(2): 343-348.

PELECANOS L, KONTOE S, ZDRAVKOVIC L. Numerical modelling of hydrodynamic pressures on dams[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2013, 53: 68-82.

黄锦林. 库岸滑坡涌浪对坝体影响研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2012.

杨艳. 山区河道型水库滑坡涌浪对架空直立式码头结构作用影响研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆交通大学, 2014.

CHEN H Y, CUI P, CHEN X Q, et al. Laboratory experiments of water pressure loads acting on a downstream dam caused by ice avalanches[J]. Landslides, 2015, 12(6): 1131-1138.

游勇,程尊兰. 西藏波密米堆沟泥石流堵河模型试验[J]. 山地学报,2005,23(3): 288-293.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-2786.2005.03.006

YOU Yong, CHENG Zunlan. Modeling experiment of debris flow in Midui gully,Tibet[J]. Journal of Mountain Research, 2005, 23(3): 288-293.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-2786.2005.03.006

李德基, 游勇. 西藏波密米堆冰湖溃决浅议[J]. 山地学报, 1992, 10(4): 219-224.

LI Deji, YOU Yong. Bursting of the Midui moraine lake in Bomi, Xizang.[J]. Mountain Research, 1992, 10(4): 219-224.

施引文献

附加材料 (0)

访问统计