基于悬臂梁流变试验的倾倒变形力学特性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190478

基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1504905）；国家自然科学基金（41772317）

详细信息

作者简介:
郑达（1977—），男，教授，博士，研究方向为地质灾害评价防治及高边坡稳定性，E-mail：zhengda@cdut.cn

中图分类号:TU 443
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出版历程
- 收稿日期:2019-05-29
- 修回日期:2019-12-12
- 网络出版日期:2020-01-24
- 刊出日期:2020-10-01

Mechanical Characteristics Analysis of Toppling Deformation Based on Rheological Tests for Cantilever Beam

摘要

摘要:弯曲倾倒变形本质是岩层所发生的弯曲流变变形，为了阐明其时效特点与力学特性，首先对反倾层状斜坡进行受力分析，将岩层某点的受力简化为自重应力与水平侧应力；其次在该受力条件下，进行了悬臂梁弯曲流变试验，将岩层悬臂式弯曲流变模型概化为4个阶段：瞬时变形阶段、衰减蠕变阶段、稳态蠕变阶段、加速蠕变阶段. 基于上述的试验和分析，推导出悬臂梁弯曲流变的本构方程；并选取岩梁发生倾倒变形时极限位置处应变为0，对本构方程进行求解得出倾倒变形发育的极限深度；以悬臂梁倾倒折断时应变加速度等于稳态蠕变的上限加速度为求解条件，得出岩梁的倾倒折断深度.
- 倾倒变形/
- 力学特性/
- 悬臂梁流变试验/
- 倾倒发育深度/
- 倾倒折断深度
Abstract:Curved toppling deformation is essentially the rock rheological deformation. In order to clarify its time-dependent characteristics and mechanical properties, the force analysis of anti-dip stratified slope is conducted, in which the force at a certain point of the rock layer is simplified as the gravity stress and horizontal stress. Then, the rheological tests of the bending cantilever beam are performed under this stress condition. The rheological model of the bending cantilever for rock strata is generalized as four stages: instantaneous deformation, attenuated creep, steady creep and accelerated creep. Based on the above tests and analysis, the constitutive equation for the rheological deformation of the bending cantilever beam is deduced. Through the calculation of the equation, assuming that the strain at the position of the ultimate toppling deformation of rock beam is zero lead to the ultimate depth of the toppling deformation. Given that as the beam breaks the strain acceleration is equal to the upper limit acceleration of the steady creep, the toppling fracture depth can be obtained.
- toppling deformation/
- mechanical characteristics/
- cantilever rheological test/
- toppling depth/
- toppling fracture depth

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图 1斜坡力学模型

Figure 1.Slope mechanical model

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图 2岩层受力分析示意

Figure 2.Force analysis of rock layer

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图 3流变试样示意

Figure 3.Sample of rheological tests

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图 4悬臂梁流变试验示意

Figure 4.Rheological test of cantilever beam

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图 5试验中岩梁弯曲变形（1# 梁）

Figure 5.Baending deformation in test (1# beam)

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图 61# 梁流变曲线

Figure 6.Rheological curve of 1# beam

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图 71# 梁流变速率曲线

Figure 7.Rheological velocity curve of 1# beam

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图 8第5级荷载作用时试样应变速率

Figure 8.Strain rate under the fifth stage loading

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图 9应变加速度曲线

Figure 9.Strain acceleration curve

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图 10经玻尔兹曼原理叠加后的流变曲线

Figure 10.Rheological curve after superposition by Boltzmann principle

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图 11加卸载流变试验曲线

Figure 11.Loading and unloading curve in rheological tests

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图 12流变模型示意

Figure 12.Rheological model

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图 131# 梁拟合曲线

Figure 13.Fitting curve of 1# beam

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表 1一次加载断裂试验结果

Table 1.Test results for one-time loading to fracture

试样编号	断裂荷载/g	最大应变/ × 10⁻⁶
1#	2 675	438
2#	3 175	475
3#	2 675	449
平均值	2 842	454

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表 2试验加载方案

Table 2.Loading plan of rheological tests

加载级别	加载重量/g	试验时间/h
1	1 175	21
2	1 675	48
3	2 175	43
4	2 675	39
5	3 175	40

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