Review on Fault Diagnosis for Flooding and Drying in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
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摘要:质子交换膜燃料电池水淹和膜干是其在运行过程中最常见的故障. 首先，阐述了质子交换膜燃料电池中水的产生和传输机理，概括了水淹和膜干故障的影响因素，列举并分析了基于电压、压力降和阻抗的水淹和膜干诊断指标及各自的优缺点，并从内部结构和电荷传输方面介绍了水淹和膜干对质子交换膜燃料电池的危害；其次，讨论了水淹和膜干故障基于模型、基于实验和基于数据驱动的3种诊断方法及其适用范围，另外分析了缓解水淹和膜干故障的常用措施；最后，对水淹和膜干故障进行了总结和展望，并指出基于数据驱动的在线诊断方法、适于故障诊断的模型建立、大尺度电堆及多堆间水淹和膜干故障的诊断及高效精准的故障诊断指标的探索有待深入研究.Abstract:In running proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), the flooding and drying are the most common faults. Firstly, water generation and transfer mechanism in PEMFCs are elaborated, and the impact factors of flooding and drying faults are generalized. The diagnostic indicators for flooding and drying in terms of voltage, pressure drop, and impedance are listed with the analysis on their merits and demerits. In addition, the damages caused by flooding and drying faults are presented from the perspective of internal structure and charge transport. Next, the model-based, experimental-based, and data-driven diagnostic methods for flooding and drying faults and their application range are discussed. Moreover, popular mitigation strategies for flooding and drying are analyzed. Finally, the researches on flooding and drying are summarized and their prospects are presented. Of these researches, online diagnostic approaches based on data-driven, model establishment for fault diagnosis, flooding and drying diagnosis in large-scale stacks and multi-stacks, and the efficient and accurate diagnostic indicators need further studies.
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图 2光学显微镜下的催化膜表面（放大500倍）
Figure 2.Light microscopic pictures of catalytic membrane surface (× 500)
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