考虑冲刷效应的大跨桥梁地震-风-车-桥耦合振动分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220091

1.
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司，北京 100081
2.
江南娱乐网页版入口官网下载安装土木工程学院，四川成都 610031

基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51908472）；中国博士后科学基金（2019TQ0271, 2019M663554）；四川省科学技术厅科技计划项目（2020YJ080）

详细信息

作者简介:
王亚伟（1991—），男，助理研究员，博士，研究方向为桥梁多动力，E-mail：hbuwyw1991@sina.com

通讯作者:
朱金（1988—），男，副教授，博士，研究方向为风-车-桥耦合振动，桥梁多动力，E-mail：zhujin19880102@126.com

中图分类号:U447
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出版历程
- 收稿日期:2022-02-02
- 修回日期:2022-04-25
- 网络出版日期:2023-09-06
- 刊出日期:2022-05-23

Coupled Vibration Analysis of Earthquake-Wind-Vehicle-Bridge for Long-Span Bridges Considering Scouring Effect

1.
China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China
2.
School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China

摘要

摘要:
为研究冲刷效应对地震与风联合作用下大跨桥梁动力响应的影响，在已建立的地震-风-车-桥耦合振动分析模型基础上，利用 p - y 曲线（ p 为土阻力， y 为变形）折减法考虑不同冲刷深度的桩土荷载-位移关系，根据桩土荷载-位移关系和冲刷深度更新桩基的侧向支撑刚度和长度，从而考虑了冲刷效应对大跨桥梁动力响应的影响，并将模型应用到江顺大桥冲刷效应的分析研究中. 研究结果表明：基础冲刷减弱了地基土对结构的侧向约束，从而降低结构的自振频率，侧向振型的自振频率最大降低6.01%；在运营车辆和风荷载作用下，基础冲刷对结构的振动响应影响很小；在地震发生后，基础冲刷会增大结构的横向振动，结构的横向位移响应极值最大增大9.1%，横向位移响应谱也相应增大，而对结构的竖向振动影响很小；基础冲刷可能减小车辆横向加速度的响应，车辆的横向加速度响应极值最大降低7.7%，对车辆的竖向振动影响很小.
- 冲刷效应/
- p-y曲线/
- 大跨桥梁/
- 地震-风-车-桥系统/
- 耦合振动
Abstract:
In order to study the influence of the scouring effect on the dynamic response of long-span bridges under the combined action of earthquake and wind, based on the established coupled vibration analysis model of earthquake-wind-vehicle-bridge, the p - y curve ( p is the soil resistance and y is the pile displacement) reduction method was used to consider the load-displacement relationship between the piles and soil with different scour depths, and the lateral support stiffness and length of pile foundation were updated according to the load-displacement relationship and scour depth. Thus, the influence of the scouring effect on the dynamic response of long-span bridges was considered, and the model was applied to analyze the scouring effect of Jiangshun Bridge. The results show that the foundation scour weakens the lateral constraint of the foundation soil on the structure, thus reducing the natural vibration frequency of the structure, and the maximum reduction of the natural vibration frequency of lateral vibration mode is 6.01%; under the action of the operational vehicle and wind load, foundation scour has little effect on the vibration response of the structure; after the earthquake, the foundation scour increases the lateral vibration of the structure, and the maximum increase in the extreme value of the lateral displacement response of the structure is 9.1%; the lateral displacement response spectrum increases accordingly, but it has little effect on the vertical vibration of the structure; foundation scour may reduce the response of lateral acceleration of vehicles, and the maximum reduction of the extreme value of the lateral vehicle acceleration response is 7.7%, but it has little effect on the vertical vibration of vehicles.
- scouring effect/
- p-ycurve/
- long-span bridge/
- earthquake-wind-vehicle-bridge system/
- coupled vibration

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图 1斜拉桥模型（单位：m）

Figure 1.Prototype of cable-stayed bridge （unit: m）

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图 2带有群桩基础的桥塔模型（单位：m）

Figure 2.Prototype of bridge tower with group-pile foundation （unit: m）

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图 3模拟示意

Figure 3.Simulation

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图 4桥址处桩土的p-y曲线

Figure 4.p-ycurves of soil for piles at bridge site

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图 5主梁跨中的u(t)时程和w(t)时程

Figure 5.Horizontal turbulent wind velocity time history and vertical turbulent wind velocity time history at bridge mid-span

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图 6桥梁支撑点N1、N3和N5位置处水平方向的地震动加速度时程

Figure 6.Seismic acceleration time histories of support points N1, N3, and N5 along horizontal direction

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图 7地震和运营荷载作用下主梁跨中的位移响应

Figure 7.Displacement responses at bridge mid-span under and seismic and operational loads

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图 8地震和运营荷载作用下主梁跨中的位移响应谱

Figure 8.Displacement response spectrum at bridge mid-span under seismic and operational loads

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图 9地震和运营荷载作用下左桥塔顶的横向位移响应

Figure 9.Lateral displacement responses at left tower top under seismic and operational loads

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图 10地震和运营荷载作用下左桥塔顶的横向位移响应谱

Figure 10.Lateral displacement response spectrum at left tower top under seismic and operational loads

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图 11地震和运营荷载作用下代表车辆的加速度响应

Figure 11.Acceleration responses of representative vehicle under seismic and operational loads

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表 1桥梁结构的前十阶自振频率和振型

Table 1.First 10 natural vibration frequencies and modes of bridge

振型数	自振频率/Hz	振型
1	0.0905	纵飘（主梁）
2	0.2029	1 阶对称侧弯（主梁、桥塔）
3	0.2572	1 阶反对称侧弯（主梁、桥塔）
4	0.2917	2 阶对称侧弯（主梁、桥塔）
5	0.2944	1 阶对称竖弯（主梁）
6	0.3331	1 阶反对称竖弯（主梁）
7	0.3450	2 阶对称竖弯（主梁）
8	0.3890	2 阶反对称竖弯（主梁）
9	0.4138	2 阶反对称侧弯（主梁、桥塔）
10	0.4274	1 阶对称扭转（主梁）

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表 2群桩基础处不同土层的物理和力学参数

Table 2.Physical and mechanical properties of different soil layers at group-pile foundation

土层	地基土的类别	土层厚度/m	重度/ （kN·m⁻³）	排水剪切强度/kPa	内摩擦角/（°）	泊松比	弹性模量/ MPa	单轴抗压强度/MPa	最大主应力为50% 的应变	应变因子
1	无黏性砂土	7.5	18		30	0.30	3
2	黏性土	10.0	20	93.8		0.35	21		0.007
3	软岩	29.5	22			0.25	7240	3.45		0.0005

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表 3不同冲刷深度时桥梁的自振频率

Table 3.Natural frequencies of the bridge under various scour depths Hz

振型序号	冲刷深度
振型序号	0	5 m	10 m	15 m	20 m
1	0.0905	0.0903	0.0902	0.0901	0.0894
2	0.2029	0.1994	0.1987	0.1984	0.1907
3	0.2572	0.2531	0.2523	0.2520	0.2428
4	0.2917	0.2912	0.2911	0.2910	0.2835
5	0.2944	0.2933	0.2928	0.2926	0.2899
6	0.3331	0.3261	0.3240	0.3229	0.2988
7	0.3450	0.3366	0.3342	0.3331	0.3138
8	0.3890	0.3860	0.3852	0.3848	0.3796
9	0.4138	0.4070	0.4058	0.4053	0.3864
10	0.4274	0.4179	0.4152	0.4139	0.3907

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